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Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire
Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire or Abdülaziz I (Ottoman Turkish: عبد العزيز / ''`Abdü’l-`Azīz'', (トルコ語:I. Abdülaziz); 9/18 February 1830 – 4 June 1876) was the 32nd Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and reigned between 25 June 1861 and 30 May 1876.〔 He was the son of Sultan Mahmud II and succeeded his brother Abdülmecid I in 1861.〔Chambers Biographical Dictionary, ISBN 0-550-18022-2, page 2〕
Born at the Eyüp Palace, Constantinople (present-day Istanbul),〔''The Encyclopædia Britannica'', Vol.7, Edited by Hugh Chisholm, (1911), 3; ''İstanbul, the capital of the Turkish Empire...''〕〔(Britannica, Istanbul ):''When the Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923, the capital was moved to Ankara, and Constantinople was officially renamed Istanbul in 1930.''〕 on 9/18 February 1830, Abdülaziz received an Ottoman education but was nevertheless an ardent admirer of the material progress that was made in the West. He was the first Ottoman Sultan who travelled to Western Europe, visiting a number of important European capitals including Paris, London and Vienna in the summer of 1867. The Sultan took an interest in documenting the Sultanate. He was also interested in literature and was also a classical music composer. Some of his compositions have been collected in the album ''"European Music at the Ottoman Court"'' by the London Academy of Ottoman Court Music.
== Family ==
His parents were Mahmud II and Valide Sultan Pertevniyal ("Partav-Nihal").〔(Daniel T. Rogers, "All my relatives: Valide Sultana Partav-Nihal" )〕 (1812–1883), originally named Bezime, a Vlach.〔(His profile in the Ottoman Web Site )〕 He was a quarter French. In 1868 Pertevniyal was living in the Dolmabahçe Palace. That year Abdülaziz led the visiting Eugénie de Montijo, Empress of France, to see his mother. Pertevniyal perceived the presence of a foreign woman within her quarters of the seraglio as an insult. She reportedly slapped Eugénie across the face, almost resulting in an international incident.〔("Women in Power" 1840-1870, entry: "1861-76 Pertevniyal Valide Sultan of The Ottoman Empire" )〕 According to another account, Pertevniyal became outraged by the forwardness of Eugénie taking the arm of one of her sons while he gave a tour of the palace garden, and she gave the Empress a slap on the stomach as a possibly more subtly intended than often represented reminder that they were not in France. The Pertevniyal Valide Sultan Mosque was built under the patronage of his mother. The construction work began in November 1869 and the mosque was finished in 1871.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Pertevniyal Valide Sultan Mosque Complex )〕
His paternal grandparents were Sultan Abdul Hamid I and Sultana Naksh-i-Dil Haseki. Several accounts identify his paternal grandmother with Aimée du Buc de Rivéry, a cousin of Joséphine de Beauharnais.〔(Christine Isom-Verhaaren, "Royal French Women in the Ottoman Sultans' Harem: The Political Uses of Fabricated Accounts from the Sixteenth to the Twenty-first Century" )〕 Pertevniyal was a sister of Hoshiar (Khushiyar), third wife of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt. Hoshiar and Ibrahim were the parents of Isma'il Pasha.〔(Christopher Buyers, "The Muhammad 'Ali Dynasty Genealogy" )〕〔(Non European Royalty Website, entry:"Egypt" )〕〔("Women in Power" 1840-1870, entry: "1863-79 Valida Pasha Khushiyar of Egypt" )〕〔(Rulers from the House of Mohammed Aly )〕〔(Genealogical entry: "Hoshiar Walda Pasha" )〕
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